The extractive metallurgy of zinc university of queensland. The states of oxidation of zinc and iron associated with galena concentrate have been. Pyro metallurgical extraction of zinc presently about 15 20% of the worlds zinc production comes from pyrometallurgical route. Historically extraction of zinc has been more difficult than extraction of other metals because at temperatures where metals such as iron typically begins to melt, zinc is a gas. Hematite fe2o3, magnetite fe3o4, chalcopyrite cufes2, dolomite. Extractive metallurgy of nickel, cobalt and platinum group metals.
Lead and zinc metallurgy article pdf available in jom. Extractive metallurgy presentation zinc slideshare. Extractive metallurgy of lead and zinc download ebook. Zinc can be electroplated on iron by keeping iron article as cathode, zinc as anode and znso4 solution as electrolyte. On passing current a layer of zinc is coated on iron article. Pdf handbook of extractive metallurgy, volume 2 fathi. Extractive metallurgy is the art of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. Aspects of major zinc production including costs and energy consumption are also covered in this general reference volume. Historically extraction of zinc has been more difficult than extraction of other metals because at temperatures where metals such as iron typically begins to melt, zinc is.
Inorganic compounds with more than one metal in association with nonmetals like s,o,n etc. The scientific and technological process used for isolation of the metal from its ores is known as metallurgy. Production of secondary metals and treatment of wastes. Pdf the extractive metallurgy of zinc by roderick j. It is for this reason that most of the important of these metals occur as i ores oxides ii sulphides iii carbonates iv halides and v silicates. The global zinc industry is currently experiencing unprecedented interest in new. Following separation and concentration by mineral processing, metallic minerals are subjected to extractive metallurgy, in which their metallic elements are extracted from chemical compound form and refined of impurities. The methods for producing ti metal are grouped into two categories, including the reduction of ticl4 and the reduction of tio2, with their processes classified as. Extractive metallurgy of nickel, cobalt and platinum group. Iseda, implementation of a computer control system for an electrolytic zinc plant. Extractive metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. The global zinc industry is currently experiencing unprecedented interest in new developments and expansions. The field of extractive metallurgy encompasses many specialty subdisciplines, including mineral processing, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy. All students, freshers can attemp or download metallurgical engineering physical metallurgy quiz questions with answers as pdf files and ebooks.
The most commonly available ore used in the extraction of zinc is called zinc blende also known as zinc sulphide zns. Extractive metallurgy of activated minerals by p balaz free download pdf. The total reserves of the ore in the country are estimated around 60 crore tonnes. Click download or read online button to get extractive metallurgy of lead and zinc book now. This volume summarises the broad configuration of zinc extraction processes and the important aspects of their design and operation as a guide for metallurgists working in the industry. Metallurgical or chemical processes for producing or recovering metals from metal. Development of reliable instruments at the hikoshima smelter, pp. Most metals found in the earths crust exist as oxide and sulfide minerals. At temperatures typically used for smelting metals, zinc is a gas that will escape from a furnace with the flue gas and be lost, unless specific measures are taken to prevent it. These materials are normally thermally active and were therefore the subject of major studies by thermal analysis in the last 50 years 165. Extractive metallurgy is the practice of removing valuable metals from an ore and refining the extracted raw metals into purer form. The extractive metallurgy of zinc also includes sections on potential z inc production technology, including the warner process and the outokumpu iron melt reduction process.
The need to promote new and innovative energy technologies in extraction metallurgy stimulates the search for the methods of direct reduction of sulfides of nonferrous metals for obtaining pure metals. Copper ore cufes2, chalcopyrite, sphalerite zn,fes, galena pbs, pyrite fes2. Sinclair, australasian institute of mining and metallurgy date 2005 publisher australasian institute of mining and metallurgy pub place carlton south, vic volume spectrum series the australasian institute of mining and metallurgy. She is a coauthor of extractive metallurgy of copper 5th ed. The horizontal and vertical retort processes and electrothermal process were used in the past for zinc production but have become obsolete due to high power consumption and low recovery. Rhi ag, technology center leoben, magnesitstrasse 2, 8700 leoben, austria.
Deals with extraction of metals from its naturally existing oreminerals and refining them minerals. This method is used for the isolation of iron, tin and zinc metals from their. This volume summarizes the broad configuration of zinc extraction processes and the important aspects of their design and operation as a guide for metallurgists working in the industry. Class xii chemistry general principles and processes of isolation of elements topic.
These methods help in conservation of energy and earths resources. Certain amount of nickel, cobalt and platinum group metals are produced from recycled end of used scrap. This book deals with the processes, operations, technologies and processing routes of extractive metallurgy, i. Occurrence of metals, concentration methods metallurgy. It is also aimed at outlining the alternatives available to handle different situations and the reasons why.
The valuable metals that result from the refining process provide the raw materials. Extractive metallurgy of activated minerals by p balaz. Production and refining of metals cooperative patent. School of mi nerals processing and bioengineering, central south university, changsha 410083, hunan, peoples republic of china. Extractive metallurgy 3 deals with the industrial processing operations, technologies, and process routes, in other words the sequence of steps or operations used to convert the ore to metal. Heap leaching consists of trickling h 2 so 4 containing lixiviant uniformly through flatsurfaced heaps of crushed ore, agglomerate, or runofmine ore. Extraction metallurgy download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. King phelps dodge mining company phoenix, az, usa m. The first objective of mineral processing and extractive metallurgy is to remove the mineral as soon as freed and as coarse as possible is the first rule in treating complex ores. I also do not know that what time of the day it is, when you are. Objectives general principles and gener processes of. These compounds must be reduced to liberate the desired metal. Zinc can be directly applied by dipping iron article in molten zinc this process is generally used for galvanization of iron sheets.
Kathy obtained her phd in metallurgical engineering from the university of arizona, usa, following bschons. Naturally existing minerals are sulphides, oxides, halides like. Today, however, ores containing as high as four, five and even six and seven minerals are being efficiently. The production of metals and alloys from these source materials is still one of the most important and fundamental industries in both developed and. Search for library items search for lists search for contacts search for a library. The extractive metallurgy of zinc roderick j sinclair, australasian institute of mining and metallurgy. Preliminary treatment of zinc ores as well as preliminary refining of zinc oxide c22b. Click download or read online button to get extraction metallurgy book now. The extractive metallurgy of zinc by roderick j sinclair formerly with the electrolytic zinc company of australasia and pasminco limited. Hydrometallurgical extraction accounts for about 4. Immiscibility of metal and slag together with density difference forms the basis for separation.
The first stage of the process is a preparation of magnesium chloride feed which is followed by the electrolytic dissociation of magnesium chloride. The extractive metallurgy of zinc roderick j sinclair. Extractive metallurgy is the practice of extracting metal from ore, purifying it, and recycling it. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Formation of zinc ferrite should be avoided when zinc is extracted by leaching because it is difficult to leach the. Extractive metallurgy covers a huge range of mechanical and chemical.
Nonferrous extractive metallurgy ircsem extractive metallurgy of nonferrous metals in nonferrous smelting process the base metals of copper, lead and zinc as well as rare metals are produced from secondary materials such as scrap metals, alloys and residues. Davenport department of materials science and engineering university of arizona tucson, az, usa m. This book can be broadly divided into four parts, which is extractive metallurgy ofnickel, cobalt, platinum group of metals, and recycling of these metals. Zinc smelting is the process of converting zinc ores into pure zinc. Notes 4 chemistry module 6 occurrence and extraction of metals chemistry of elements copper india does not have rich copper ore deposits. Extraction of zinc from zinc blende reference notes. Industrial cell feeds consist of a mixture of dehydrated magnesium chloride, partly dehydrated magnesium chloride or dehydrated carnallite. Extraction of zinc application of zinc refining process. The extraction of zinc from sulphide minerals is carried out by two approaches.
Review of developments in extractive metallurgy of lead. I find myself, in a very unusual situation, where the students can see me, but i cannot see the students. Extractive metallurgy is a large branch of the field of metallurgy that deals with the treatment of minerals and concentrates for the recovery of contained metallic values. Froth floatation has been used with aid of cuso 4 to collect zinc ore.
Different ways of extraction of zinc and their comparisons 3. In each extraction process, the basic aim is to create conditions conductive to such a. Most active metals are highly electropositive and therefore exist as ions. Extractive metallurgy 2 focuses on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, halide and electrometallurgical conversion processes. This book includes sections on the general historical context of zinc extraction as well as electrolytic process and. Extractive metallurgy of the above metals c22b2602 c22b 26 22. Fountain and others published the extractive metallurgy of zinc by roderick j. The process of metallurgy and isolation should be such that it is chemically feasible and commercially viable. Lead and zinc metallurgy dean gregurek 0 1 zhiwei peng 0 1 christine wenzl 0 1 0 1. Conventional and recent advances in extraction and production of titanium metal contains information on current and developing processes for the production of titanium. Zinc smelting has historically been more difficult than the smelting of other metals, e. Schlesinger metallurgical engineering department university of missouri rolla rolla, mo, usa a. Module 7 extraction of metals from halides, extraction of reactor metals.
Still, some general principles are common to all the extraction processes of metals. Extractive metallurgy an overview sciencedirect topics. Some sulphide ores undergo oxidation by air to form sulphates. For obtaining a particular metal, first we look for. Ray indian institute of technology, kharagpur module no. Ores containing two or three metals have been satisfactorily treated for a number of years. Metallic compounds are frequently rather complex mixtures those treated commercially are for the.
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